Prenatal testing offers expectant parents invaluable insights into the status of their developing fetus. Among these tests, karyotyping plays a crucial role a powerful tool for identifying chromosomal anomalies. This non-invasive procedure involves analyzing the complete set of chromosomes to determine any abnormalities in their number or structure

In recent times, soon-to-be parents in Nigeria are increasingly turning to advanced medical technologies to establish paternity before the birth of their child. Prenatal DNA analysis has emerged as a popular solution for expectant couples seeking assurance about the biological father. This technique involves collecting samples of fetal DNA from the